Almond Trees Gardening in Spain care including videos

The almond trees (Prunus dulcis) is a small to medium sized deciduous fruit tree. Spanish Gardening Books selection

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Almond Trees

The almond trees (Prunus dulcis) is a small to medium sized deciduous fruit tree It is one of the first trees to flower at the close of winter and in February over large parts of Spain

The almond tree is one of the first trees to flower at the close of winter and in February large parts of Spain are dressed with light and colour. The “Almendros” (almond trees) are in bloom, a fact that marks the beginning of spring. It lasts approximately 3 weeks, and is a spectacular sight.

The almond tree (Prunus dulcis) is a small to medium sized deciduous fruit tree within the rose family, along with other tree fruits such as peaches, apples, pears, plums, cherries, and apricots. Within the genus, almonds are most closely related to the peach, and hybrids of the two are used as rootstocks.

Almonds are native to the Mediterranean region of the Middle East, explaining their requirement of mild winters and long dry summers. Almonds were domesticated at least by 3000 BC, and perhaps much earlier since wild almonds have been unearthed in Greek archeological sites dating to 8000 BC. The almond was spread along the shores of the Mediterranean in northern Africa and southern Europe by Egyptians, Greeks, and Romans.

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In Greek mythology the almond tree is represented by the beautiful princess Phyllis. Left at the altar on her wedding day, Phyllis waited for years before finally perishing of a broken heart. In sympathy, the gods transformed her into an almond tree, as a symbol of hope. When Phyllis’ fiancee returned to find her as a leafless, flowerless tree, he embraced it and the tree burst into bloom.

Flowering & Fruiting Almond flowers are nearly identical to peach and other Prunus flowers, but are more fragrant and tend to be either light pink or white. The almond tree is not self-pollinating and must be cross-pollinated. Because of this, honeybees or other pollinators are essential to fruit production. However, there is a lot of work being done on developing a prolific nut producing, self-fertile almond. In the meantime, it is possible to buy grafted compatible varieties of almonds to reduce the need for two trees.

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The soft, fuzzy almond tree fruit is called a drupe. Prior to “ripening”, the hull dries and splits, revealing the nut, within which lies the kernel that we love to eat. There are two types of almonds trees, the bitter, used for almond essence, and the sweet almond tree, grown in home gardens and perfect for eating. The bitter almond is a cousin to the sweet almond, but contains traces of lethal prussic acid (Hydrogen cyanide) in its raw state. The toxicity is destroyed by heat, so it is safe to eat any dish prepared with bitter almonds, but unprocessed bitter almonds can be lethal.

Almond trees require at least 2 to 3 years to produce fruit, with maximum nut production in 6 to 10 years. Unlike its short-lived cousin the peach, almond trees can produce for 50+ years. Thinning is unnecessary; a high proportion of flowers must set fruit for normal cropping. Like so many tree crops, rainfall damages fruit production once trees begin to bloom. Frost can be equally damaging, with both the blossoms and young fruits susceptible to frost damage.

Almonds are harvested in summer when the outer, fleshy hull starts to split open. Collect the nuts from the outer canopy of the tree first, by spreading a tarp on the ground below and knocking the tree. A couple of weeks later the nuts on the inner canopy will have ripened and can be harvested in the same way. Almonds can be stored for months either in-shell, or shelled if dry, or for years when frozen.

Planting & Care

Almond trees should be planted early in the year, when low temperatures prevent leaf buds from growing – this gives the roots time to regenerate before budding. Almonds do best in deep, well-drained soil that is reasonably fertile, but will tolerate poor soils. Pick a sheltered position that receives full sunlight. When almond trees are first planted, it is important to give them a boost with superphosphate, following up with a balanced plant food in autumn and spring thereafter. Although mature trees can survive on little water, to produce a maximum crop of nuts they need regularly watering.

Almond Trees How to grow an almond nut.

Place a raw almond nut in some water leave in the fridge over night. Then place almond in soil in the fridge for a week. Then take out of fridge leave in a warm/hot place water and watch for mold.may take a month to germinate. After it germinates growth very rapidly.

Almond Trees Pruning The Almond Tree